🔁 1. Ôn tập – 10 phút
🔁 Ôn thẻ từ vựng đến hạn
🧠 Nhớ lại buổi trước (không xem tài liệu)
- remember to V và remember V-ing khác nhau thế nào?
- Y/N/NG (buổi 22) hỏi về điều gì – sự thật hay ý kiến tác giả?
- Matching features (buổi 17): gạch gì trong bài trước?
Trả lời to hoặc viết ra giấy, rồi mới mở lại buổi trước để kiểm tra.
📖 2. Đầu vào – 20 phút
Bài báo ý kiến: hai dạng cùng lúc
- Y/N/NG hỏi ý kiến của tác giả (người viết bài), không phải ý kiến của người được trích dẫn.
- Matching hỏi ý kiến của từng người được nhắc tên → gạch tên trước.
- Cẩn thận: tác giả có thể trích một ý kiến rồi phản bác (Some claim that… This is simply not true.).
Why we need to rethink retirement
(Bài báo ý kiến tự viết; tác giả và nhân vật là giả định.)
People are living longer than ever before, and in many countries the proportion of older people in the population is rising. Yet our ideas about work and retirement have hardly changed. In my view, the idea that everyone should stop working completely at a fixed age no longer makes sense.
Some economists argue that the solution is simply to raise the official retirement age. Professor Daniel Okafor, for instance, believes that “if people live longer, they must work longer to pay for their pensions.” I understand this reasoning, but a single higher age would be unfair. A construction worker whose body is worn out by the age of sixty cannot be compared with an office worker who could happily continue into their seventies.
A better approach, I believe, would be to make retirement more gradual. Many older employees do not want to stop working overnight; they would prefer to reduce their hours over several years. Maria Santos, a human resources manager, says that her company’s part-time scheme for staff over sixty has helped it keep valuable experience. “Our older staff train younger colleagues,” she explains, “and that knowledge would otherwise be lost.”
Employers, however, must also tackle age discrimination. It is still common for older applicants to be rejected because managers assume they cannot learn new technology. This assumption is, in my experience, largely unfounded. Dr Lin Chen, who studies workplace learning, points out that older workers may take a little longer to learn new software but often make fewer mistakes once they have learnt it.
Of course, not everyone wants to keep working. Some people look forward to retirement as a time to travel, care for grandchildren or simply rest, and they have every right to do so. The aim should not be to force people to work longer, but to give them a real choice.
✅ Câu 1–6: Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer? YES, NO hoặc NOT GIVEN
1. A fixed retirement age for everyone is no longer sensible.
2. Raising the retirement age to the same level for all workers would be fair.
3. Most older employees would prefer to stop working suddenly.
4. Governments should pay companies to employ older workers.
5. The belief that older workers cannot learn new technology is mostly wrong.
6. People who choose to retire early are being selfish.
✅ Câu 7–10: Match each statement with the correct person. (A = Daniel Okafor · B = Maria Santos · C = Dr Lin Chen)
7. Older workers may need more time to learn, but they are often more accurate.
8. Longer lives mean people must work for more years.
9. Experienced employees pass on their knowledge to younger staff.
10. A part-time scheme has helped a company keep experienced staff.
🧩 3. Ngôn ngữ trọng tâm – 10 phút: ý kiến tác giả hay người được trích?
| Câu trong bài | Của ai? |
|---|---|
| In my view, the idea… no longer makes sense. | tác giả (in my view) |
| Professor Okafor believes that… | Okafor |
| I understand this reasoning, but… would be unfair. | tác giả (phản bác Okafor) |
| This assumption is, in my experience, largely unfounded. | tác giả |
| Dr Lin Chen… points out that… | Chen |
👉 Dấu hiệu ý kiến tác giả: In my view, I believe, in my experience, Of course, should, must.
✍️ 4. Thực hành – 25 phút
- Gạch mọi câu ý kiến của tác giả bằng một màu, ý kiến người được trích bằng màu khác (10 phút).
- Viết 3 câu Y/N/NG mới về bài, kèm đáp án (10 phút).
- Nói 1 phút: bạn muốn nghỉ hưu hẳn hay giảm dần giờ làm? (5 phút).
💼 Dùng ngay – đọc tờ rơi dịch vụ chăm sóc tại nhà (thêm 5–10 phút)
CareWell Home Services (giả định)
| Package | What’s included | Price |
|---|---|---|
| Visit | 2-hour visit: company, light meals, reminders to take medicine | 250,000 VND / visit |
| Day | 8 hours: all of the above + help with bathing and short walks | 900,000 VND / day |
| Night | 10 p.m.–6 a.m.: a carer stays overnight | 1,000,000 VND / night |
Carers are not nurses and cannot give injections. Book at least 48 hours in advance.
✅ Chọn gói phù hợp
Your father needs help with bathing while you are at work. Which package?
Can a CareWell carer give your mother an injection?
You need a carer on Friday. What is the latest day you can book?
📚 Từ vựng của buổi
- life expectancy – tuổi thọ trung bình
Life expectancy has increased.
- retirement age – tuổi nghỉ hưu
Should the retirement age be raised?
- pension – lương hưu
She lives on her pension.
- ageing population – dân số già hóa
Many countries have an ageing population.
- workforce – lực lượng lao động
Older people are an important part of the workforce.
- age discrimination – phân biệt tuổi tác
Age discrimination is still common.
- part-time – bán thời gian
He works part-time now.
- experience – kinh nghiệm
Older staff have valuable experience.
- carer – người chăm sóc
A carer visits my grandmother every day.
- home care – chăm sóc tại nhà
Home care is becoming more popular.
✅ 5. Tự kiểm tra – 10 phút
✅ Tự kiểm tra
Nghe lại bản ghi của mình và tích những điểm bạn đã làm được. Ô tích chỉ lưu trên máy này.